Ledger-sheet for detachable binders.



No. 63l, 863.

{No Model.)

Pat'ented' Aug. 29, I899.

G. C. SHEPHERD.

LEDGER SHEET FUR DETACHABLE'BINDEBS.

(Appliation filed Jan. 6, 1899.)

2 Sheath-Sheet WITNESSES y w/J44 74 INVENTOI? war? aJze alew 4 ATTOHNE YNo. 63!,863. Patented Aug..29, i899.

.G. C. SHEPHERD.

LEDGER SHEET FUR DETACHABEE BINDERS.

(Application filed J'an. 6, 1899.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets$heet 2,

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4' UNITED STATES PATENT EErcE.

GILBERT O. SHEPHERD, OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

LEDGER-SHEET FOR DETACHABLE BINDERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 631,863, dated August29, 1899.

Application filed January 6, 1899.

To'ctllwhont it may concern:

Be it known that I, GILBERT O. SHEPHERD, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York, (Brooklyn,) in the county of Kings and State ofNew York, have made new and useful Improvements in Ledger-Sheets forDetachable Binders, of which the following is a specification.

Heretofore ledgers or books have been provided with detachable sheetsand made with a frame having pinsto pass through apertures in the sheetsor leaves, and to strengthen or reinforce the sheets at the bindingfabric has been pasted or glued to the sheets; but this increased thethickness at the back or binding-point much more than at the front orfree ends of the sheets.

It is the object, therefore, of my invention to provide sheets or leaveswith reinforced or strengthened back portion, but in such manner as notto increase the thickness of the back of the book over that of thefront, or, in other words, to have the book of substantially eventhickness throughout notwithstanding that the sheets are reinforced attheir bound edges.

In carrying out my invention I provide the sheets at their inner edgesor portions with apertures and opposed recesses and tongues orprojections, and over these apertures and the tongues or projections Ipaste or glue a strip of fabric to reinforce the sheet at suchapertures. The arrangement is such that the aperture in one sheet willbe opposed to the paper of the next adjacent sheet, and the projectionon one sheet will be opposed to a recess in the opposite sheet. Thefabric preferably should be of about one-half the thickness of the sheetof paper, so that the two adjacent strips of fabric, in connection withthe recesses in two sheets and the tongues or projections that match thesame,will not make a greater thickness than two sheets when placedtogether. The sheets so arranged are to be provided with apertures,which may be passed through the fabric or the fabric and the contiguoussheet, as the case may be, to receive pins carried by a frame or holderof any suitable or wellknown construction used in books or ledgershaving detachable sheets.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying Serial No. 701,336. (Nomodel.)

Figure l is a face of a book or ledger opened, showing the sheetsconstructed in accordance withiny invention. Fig. 2 is a cross-section,enlarged, on theline 2 2 in Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a face view of thesheet, looking from the side opposite to that shown in Fig. 1.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in theseveral views.

In the accompanying drawings, 1 2 indicate sheets of paper to becontained in a ledger or book. The sheets 1 2 are provided near theirinner edges with apertures 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10. The aperture 3 has a widepart 3 and an offset or recess 3", and between them is a projection 3,and between the aperture 3 and the edge of the sheet 1 is a strip ofpaper l and between the aperture 3 and the aperture 4 is a strip ofpaper 1 The aperture 7 of the next sheet lies opposite the aperture 3and has a recess 7*, recesses 7 and 7, and projections 7 7 and 7 Thearrangement is such that when the sheets lie against each other theprojections 7 7 will aline with space 3, the recess 7 will aline withprojection 3, the projection 7 d will aline with recess 3 and the recess7 and the lower part of aperture 7 will aline with the strip- 1, whilethe strip 1 will also aline with aperture 7. The aperture 4 at one edgehas a series of recesses 4 and projections 4 and this aperture 4 issomewhat L-shaped, thus forming a strip 4 on sheet 1, and betweenapertures 4 and 5 the sheet 1 has a strip 4. The aperture 8 is arrangedsimilarly to aperture 4, but in reverse position, and has recesses 8 andprojections 8", and the sheet 2 has a strip S forming a projection, andbetween the apertures 7 and 8 is a strip 2 The arrangement is such thatwhen the sheets lie together the strip 2* will aline with the aperture4at the recess 4, the strip 8 will aline with the aperture 4, the strip4 will aline with the aperture 8, the recesses 8 will aline with theopposed projections 4 the recesses 4 will aline with the projections 8and the strip 4 will aline with aperture 8, whereby the cut-away part ofone sheet and the uncut part of another sheet match. Between theapertures 8 and 9 the sheet 2 has a strip 8. The aperture 5 is arrangedsimilarly to aperture 4that is to say, it has recesses 5 and projections5 5, and between drawings, forming part hereof, whereinthe apertures 5and 6 the sheet has a strip 5.

The aperture 9 is likewise arranged similarly to aperture 8, havingrecesses f) and projections 9 9 and between apertures 9 and 10 is astrip 9 so that the recesses and projections of apertures 5 willregister with the projections and recesses of aperture 9, and the strip5 will register with aperture 9,'and the strip 9 will register withaperture 6. The aperture 6 of sheet 1 is arranged similarly to aperture7 of sheet 2, but in reverse order, and has recesses 6 6 and projections6 6 6*. The aperture 10 of sheet 2 is arranged similarly to aperture 3of sheet 1, but in reverse order, having recesses 10 10 and projection10, and the sheet 2 has a strip 2 Strip 2 will register with aperture 6.Projection 1O will register with recess 6 and projection 6 will registerwith recess 10".

I do not limit my invention to the particular arrangements of theapertures, recesses, projections, and strips pertaining thereto that Ihave shown and described, as they may be varied; but the object is tohave the sheets so cut that where there is a recess or opening in onesheet there will be material of the opposite sheet to match or alinetherewith, so there will be only one thickness of paper at such points.To reinforce the sheet at these cut-out places or the apertures, I glueor otherwise attach to each sheet a strip of fabric 11,preferably linencloth, as shown in Fig. 3, which is so arranged as to fill in or coverup the apertures and recesses made in the sheets, and the projections orstrips left in the sheets overlie and are glued to the strip 11. Thestrip 11 should not preferably be more than half as thick as the sheetof paper to which it is attached, and the strip of fabric is of justsufficient width to fill the widest part of the apertures, so as not toextend over and upon the sheets 1 2 where the sheet has no aperture. Bythis arrangement it will be understood that when two sheets lie togetherthere will be no greater thickness than the thickness of the two sheets,for, notwithstanding that the fabric overlies the projections and thestrips, these projections and strips by alining with the cut-out part ofthe next sheet prevent extra thickness from being produced at suchmatching places. For instance, on one sheet there will be the thicknessof a projection, as 5*, plus the thickness of the fabric, and when thesheets lie together the projection 5 will enter the opposed recesses 9and there will be left the thickness of the fabric 11 over such recess,and thus the thickness of the projection 5 and the two fabrics will bemerely equal to the thickness of twosheets, (as the strips of fabric areonly each one-half as thick as a sheet,) and thus there will only be thethickness of the two sheets of paper that lie together. However, byhaving the strips of fabric glued to the projections and strips on thesheets 1 2 the sheets are materially strengthened, and provision is thusmade to permit the passage of pins to which the sheets are to beattached.

The strips of-fabric 11 are provided with apertures 12, suitablyarranged to receive holding-pins, and these apertures preferably extendthrough parts of the sheets, as shown in Fig. 1, so that theholding-pins pass through as to one sheet both paper and fabric forstrength and as to the other only fabric to reduce the thickness of thereinforce at that point, as shown at 1 and 7, (be.

It will be understood that the fabric 11 does not extend beyond theouter edges of the recesses 6 7 and extends merely to the inner edges ofthe recesses 3 10, so that there will be no undue thickness formed atthe opposed strips 1 2 and 1 2 in the sheets 1 2 when they overlap.

The sheets 1 2 are to be detachably connected together, as by means ofpins 13 adapted to pass through the apertures 12 in the sheets. The pins13 I have shown are curved and arranged in pairs carried by hingedframes 14 15, (shown pivoted at 16 to head-pieces 17,) provided withlocking-blocks 18, all of which may be of suitable or wellknownconstruction, as this frame or holder forms no part of my presentinvention. The arrangement, however, is such that when the frames 14 15are spread apart the pins or fingers 13 will be separated to permit thesheets 1 2 to be strung on the. same, and then when the frames areclosed together and locked the pins or fingers by passing through theapertures in the sheets and strips 11 will hold such sheets, as shown inFig. 2. Thus the sheets are detachably connected together and may bearranged in the form of a book or ledger in well-known manner, and bymeans of my invention the sheets are so reinforced as to be durable andto resist wear and tear.

It will be understood that by means of my invention a book can beconstructed that will be of substantially the same thicknessthroughout-that is to say, its back portion or binding part will not besubstantially thicker than the front portion or unbound part,notwithstanding the presence of the strips 11, owing to the fact, asbefore described, that the strips are not.more than half as thick as thesheets, and that wherever the strip is opposed to asheet there is acorresponding opening or space in the next sheet to allow for thepresence of the strip.

It is evident that the number of apertures in each sheet and the numberof corresponding recesses and projections connected with said aperturesmay vary in accordance withthe manner in which it is desired toreinforce the sheets or to connect them with a holder, and I thereforedo not limit my invention to the number or arrangement of suchapertures, projections, and strips, as it is evident that there could beone or more of such apertures in each sheet and one or more opposedrecesses and projections in connection with such aperture.

A convenient means of producing the apertures in the sheets so that eachpair of sheets will match in the manner described is to punch theapertures in all the sheets for instance, as shown in Fig. l-and then toreverse the position of each alternate sheet, so that the apertures 3and 10 of adjacent sheets will lie at opposite sides of the book, bywhich means a projection of one sheet will aline with a recess in theother sheet and it will be seen that by thus reversing the positions ofthe sheets, although they are all punched alike, the various aperturesare brought in such relation that the projections and recesses willmatch, as before described.

Having now described my invention, what I claim is v 1. A ledger or bookcomprising a plurality of sheets provided with apertures and arranged inpairs, each aperture having a recess and aprojection and arranged sothat the projection of one sheet will match or aline with the opposedrecess of the opposite sheet, substantially as described.

2. A ledger or book comprising a plurality of sheets provided withapertures, said sheets being arranged in pairs, each aperture having arecess and aprojection and arranged so that the projection of one sheetwill match or aline with the opposed recess of the opposite sheet, astrip of fabric secured to each sheet in line with the apertures and theprojections, and means for holding or binding such sheets together,substantially as described.

3. A ledger or book having a plurality of sheets, each sheet beingprovided with one or more apertures each having one or more projectionsand recesses, the projection in one sheet matching or alining with arecess in the opposed sheet, and a strip of fabric secured to eachsheet, the strip of fabric being of less thicknessthan the sheet towhich it is attached so that when the sheets are laid together thethickness of the pile will not be increased, and means for holding thesheets through the medium of said fabric, substantially as described.

4. A ledger or book having a plurality of sheets each sheet beingprovided with apertures that have recesses and projections, the sheethaving a strip between each two apertures, the aperture of one sheetalining with the strip of the opposed sheet and the projections of onesheet alining with the recesses of the opposite sheet, and a strip offabric secured to the sheet and to said strips and projections, andmeans for securing the sheets together through the medium of saidfabric, substantially as described.

5. In a ledger or book, the combination of a frame having movable pins,with a series of sheets having apertures provided with recesses andprojections and strips of fabric secured to the sheets in line with suchapertures and also secured to the projections, the projections of onesheet matching or alining with the recesses of the opposed sheet,substantially as described.

6. In a ledger or book, the combination of a frame having movable pins,with a plurality of sheets having apertures provided with recesses andprojections, and strips of fabric secured to the sheets in line withsuch apertures, and also secured to the projections, holes formed in aprojection and passing through the paper and fabric and likewise formedin the fabric over the recess, whereby said pins will pass throughfabric only as to one sheet and the cloth and fabric of the other,substantially as described.

Signed in the city, county, and State of New York this 5th day ofJanuary, 1899.

GILBERT o. SHEPHERD.

Witnesses:

NVM. J ACOBSEN,

CHAS. G. I-IENsLnY.

